BAKHSH PILOV Bukharian Jews 1000 year old RECIPE HOW TO COOK
Advantages of mini-stoves
Stoves made of bricks are found in private homes and country cottages. Despite the fact that there are more modern and technological ways to heat rooms with any area, it is possible to achieve comfort and stylish interior only with this design. Grub with their own hands out of the brick looks good in cottages.
The popularity of such heating elements is due to several factors.
- Intelligent design. This helps retain heat much longer than in the case of cast iron or steel varieties. One day of full heating with wood. In metal stoves solid fuel is added every 5-6 hours.
- Economical. Fuel combustion results in high heat output. Excess heat warms the masonry, which in turn heats the rooms.
- Environmentally friendly. During the combustion of firewood carbon dioxide and aqueous base are emitted. They are not harmful to the environment.
- Soft radiant heat. The outside parts do not heat up to the maximum limits.
- Optimal humidity level. When the bricks are heated, moisture evaporates from the pores, and when they cool down, they are absorbed again. Thanks to that the humidity level in the room is 40-60%.
On the surface of the stove is often equipped with a hob. It allows you to cook dishes with a special flavor.
What it should be
It would seem that there is nothing easier than with your own hands to replace the suitable surface of the brick oven with a metal insert, obtaining a stove for cooking. In reality it is much more complicated. The stove is a complex device, and the thermal-physical processes occurring in it depend on the correct arrangement of its elements.
Stoves of this type have special requirements. On the one hand, it should effectively accumulate heat in the thickness of the brickwork, on the other hand. to take a significant part of the heat to heat the cooking surface. In the summer, when the house heating is not required, the hob should heat up quickly with economical consumption of fuel.
Requirements
Theoretically, the cooking surface can be made of any material that can be heated to high temperatures when the stove is burned. In practice, however, cast-iron plates with holes closed with a removable cover are used.
This design provides zones with different temperatures on the stove.
The thermal conductivity of cast iron, unlike steel, is not very high, so you can heat food, as well as cook or stew “on a slow fire” on the hob surface.
And by removing the ring from the hob, you can achieve direct heating with an open flame, which allows you to quickly boil water or fry food in a pan.
The most practical burners, shown in the photo, consist of concentric rings of different diameters. they can be matched to the size of the bottom of the cookware.
In addition, the gaps between the rings compensate for the thermal expansion of cast iron that occurs when overheating, and the stove can withstand multiple cycles of heating and cooling without damage. Solid cast-iron stoves are less reliable and require more careful heating.
Where to buy and at what to buy a cooking surface for the stove
Materials
Which brick is preferable for masonry stove equipped with a hob? In most cases on the charts of furnaces for houses, cottages or baths you can see two types of bricks: the usual ceramic solid brick and fireclay bricks. it is usually marked in yellow. Fireclay bricks your own hands are laid those parts that experience the greatest thermal loads during combustion: the firebox and the roof of the furnace, part of the chimney directly after the furnace chamber.
The main difference of fireclay bricks. its high heat capacity. It is able to accumulate and prolonged release the heat received more effectively than ceramic. For masonry heating furnaces, and especially stoves for the bath is. a definite plus.
But if the stove is used primarily as a cooking stove, the increased heat capacity of chamotte is rather a disadvantage: it will absorb much of the heat, and cooking will require more time.
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In summertime cooking on such a stove will not be possible. it will be hot and stuffy in the room.
If the oven is used mainly for cooking, it is recommended to use a minimum amount of fireclay bricks!
Diagram of the simplest brick oven for summer cottages and houses
Heating stone stove in a general view looks as follows:
- Below the floor level there is the foundation on which the insulation is placed.
- Chance legs are placed on the floor to provide heating for the bottom.
- Directly above them there is an ash-pan and a firebox. It is necessary for uniform heating on the height.
- It is separated from the main room by an ash door.
- Immediately above it is the firebox. On its bottom is placed the grate, which is also the roof of the ash pan.
- Directly above the firebox door is the firebox vault, behind which is the hatch or mouth.
- Above begin the sweep, pass and convectors.
- Above the sweep are two sliders.
- Almost at the very top there are the outlet of the shower into the room, the smoke channel and the overlap.
- The chimney is separated from the ceiling by an internal overhang.
- At the very top is the mouth of the chimney.
Diagrams of brick mini stoves
Small stoves occupy a small area, the size of their bases range from 50 to 70 centimeters in width and up to 65100 cm in length. The height of the heating device is 1.5 to 2.3 m. The stove is built in a cooking deck, an oven, a hot water tank. Stovemakers have also developed appliances designed only for home heating.
A small heating structure
It is the simplest heating construction. Let’s analyze the model of the following sizes:
- the width of the base 51 cm;
- the length of the base (depth) is 89 cm
- height 238 cm.
The mini stove is installed in the middle of the kitchen or against a wall. The optimal heating area is 2035 meters. Around the stove erect interior partitions, which allows you to heat both the kitchen and the adjoining room.
Inside the device are:
Furnace door mini-oven (cast iron or glass) is chosen depending on the aesthetic preferences of homeowners. The heat-resistant glass door, through which you can see the wood burning, makes the construction similar to a fireplace. In the middle and upper part of the furnace installed two smoke damper. There is one door for cleaning the ducts. For the erection of this model of the appliance will be required:
- 260 pieces of ceramic bricks;
- 130 pieces of fireclay bricks;
- grate (40×23 cm);
- Furnace (30×20 cm) and ash door (20×14 cm);
- 2 doors for the cleaning holes (20×40 cm);
- A metal grate (50×70 cm);
- two sheets of roofing felt 60×100 mm;
- sand and clay (or prepared clay and sand mixture for masonry), clay and chamotte mixture.
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Help. Masonry mortar increases the volume of the appliance by the thickness of the joints.
The base and the top of the mini stove is lined with ceramic bricks on the clay-sand mortar. The firebox is put from fireclay bricks on the clay and chamotte mixture.
On the long side of the base there are three and a half bricks, and on the short side of the base two standard bricks with a length of 25 cm. The masonry is 35 rows high.
A small heating and cooking stove
This model of mini oven for heating and cooking is a convenient and very compact construction. The optimal area of the heated room at sub-zero temperatures 2025 square meters.
- The length of the base (depth) 64 cm
- The width of the base 51 cm;
- the height of 215 cm.
The construction is erected in the kitchen. Appliance includes:
The cooking deck of cast iron has a hole that closes with a disk and a circle. Solid planking is also available. There is a metal oven or a hot water tank with a tap in the niche for the oven. If the niche is left free, it serves for drying things. To erect the stove you will need:
- 222 pieces of ceramic bricks;
- grate (40×25 cm);
- door for the firebox (20×20 cm);
- a door for an ash door (14×14 cm);
- cooking deck (35×38 cm);
- a metal oven or a hot-water tank;
- Iron grate (50×70 cm);
- two doors for cleaning holes (20×14 cm);
- two bolts;
- A piece of flat slate;
- steel angle;
- clay, sand or prepared clay-sand mixture for masonry.
Why a wood stove?
If you exclude gas and electricity, the first because of the difficulty of installing a separate pipe, the second as an expensive energy source for heating, there are not many types of fuel for dacha stoves. Coal has a large heat capacity and gives long and steady heat. But its cost in regions that are far from coal mining areas negates its benefits. Nowadays wood pellets and briquettes have become popular. The calorific value of these materials is higher than that of wood, but it is harder to find, and the price is higher.
At the same time, firewood is a renewable material, which grows in abundance on most of the territory of Russia. In forested areas it is the cheapest type of fuel. A wood-burning stove is also convenient because, if necessary, it can burn not only fresh wood, but also old boards and wooden waste products without lacquer and paint. Even though it is not the main source of fuel, but such utilization can still be beneficial.
Pile stove with your own hands: from a simple dacha stove to a two-story stove for a house with a heated attic
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Stoves are the source of much confusion. The fact is that “rough” or “rude” is not a well-established term. In western and, partially, in southern Slavic languages, a gruba is either simply a domestic heating and cooking stove or a 150-200 brick wood-burning stove for a summer kitchen. Well, and by sootv. On request in runet are Dutch, Swedish, bathtub (!), bell (!!) stoves, etc. You can even find statements that once upon a time there was an outstanding furnace designer Grub.
A close-knit or simple groupage stove is a compact heating and cooking stove with a heating plate that is separated from the stove in terms of the heat cycle but technologically integrated, i.e.е. They are built together (see Pic. also later). Thus we conclude that there can be no such thing as a ring-shaped grooba. the heating panels for such stoves are always channel-shaped. Gruba with their own hands is easier to build a channel furnace of equal heat output with a single heat cycle, requires less material and weighs less. However, its thermal efficiency (similar to the efficiency of furnaces) is lower. That is why the Grubas are built in seasonally inhabited rooms or small well insulated houses, where a certain fuel overrun does not harm the budget in absolute and monetary terms.
Note: heating and cooking grub of bricks for 12 kW of heat requires up to 1200 bricks, a Dutchman of the same capacity without cooking surface. 1200-1350, Swedish. 1800-2000, the Russian stove. 2500-3500 bricks.
Choice of firebox
Metal furnace is equipped with a special branch pipe, so when choosing such a variant, select a chimney pipe according to the diameter of the branch pipe.
Specialty stores offer a huge selection of fireplaces with fireboxes of any configuration. It can be open, closed, through or one-sided option. In addition, the furnace may have a built-in heat exchanger, which allows you to connect the fireplace to the water heating circuit.
The traditional choice is a brick firebox. When deciding how to make a simple fireplace, it is recommended to use white fireclay brick, which is characterized by resistance to strong heat
The brickwork must be even, so the work should be carried out with great care and accuracy. The arrangement of a brick fireplace requires a lot of time and effort, which requires special skills, patience and perseverance of the master.
Photos of completed projects
A brick-built stove-fireplace. The device is installed in the center of the room.
Furnace for heating the room, made of brick. The firebox is enclosed by heat-resistant glass, so you can admire the fire.
Brick stove for cottage. If the device is located near wooden walls, they must be impregnated with flame retardants.
