Condenser heating boilers Pluses and minuses

Review: Pros and cons of condensation gas boilers

Many different equipment are used to organize the heating system of a country house in the modern world. It can function on gas, electricity or firewood. Those who are especially taking care of environmental safety are optimally suitable for a condensation boiler. Thanks to the high efficiency of 98%, it will still help to save on fuel significantly. Firms involved in the manufacture of heating equipment provide a wide selection of these units. You should not worry about their high quality either, because the devices are produced using innovative technologies, reliable and durable materials.

The condensation gas boiler came from the simplest gas.Fuel convection unit, with the most elementary principle of functioning. The fuel for him is natural or liquefied gas. At the time of its combustion, water and carbon dioxide are formed, releasing energy in large quantities. The coolant is heated by freezing heat, circulates through the heating system of housing. With this principle of operation of the efficiency, it turns out about 90%, the remaining 10 through the chimney just fly out into the street. The condensation gas device developed by engineers made it possible to solve this problem.

In the unit, after burning fuel and transferring most of the heat to the heat exchanger, the capacitor cooles gaseous combustion products up to 50-60 ° C, thereby helping the development of water accumulation. Due to this, efficiency increases, which means that the volume of heat transmitted to the coolant increases. Additional energy is also obtained due to the condensation of water fluids, in ordinary devices, the steam.Gas mixture is lost when leaving. The device takes the heat formed during this procedure, and transfers it to the coolant. Thus, the efficiency of the apparatus approaches 100%, t.To. He can get almost everything possible from the combustion process. Over, such high efficiency is achieved with a decrease in energy consumption.

Principle of operation

In any heating boiler, in addition to the electric, the energy released during fuel burning with subsequent heat transfer by means of heat exchanger. However, far from all the heat released by burning is involved. Part is scattered aimlessly, part is needed to maintain natural traction, that is, it simply flies into the pipe. Even a closed combustion chamber and forced exhaust discharge does not help to especially increase the efficiency of heat transfer. The average value of the efficiency for the gas boiler is 92%. It is almost impossible to increase the coefficient, it is a ceiling for the classic design of a gas boiler.

The operation scheme of the boiler

However, it is possible to use heat sources previously ignored by designers and developers of boiler equipment. In the exhaust, in the exhaust gas after combustion of natural gas there is a fair amount of overheated water vapor and other inclusions (ash, resin, etc.P.).

Steam for the most part, not from the air coming from the outside, but obtained as a result of the burning itself, and, therefore, it is fraught with a significant supply of energy. Direct heat transfer in this case is not particularly useful, but if the water vapor is condensed, then the heat decent in volume will release, comparable to the energy of combustion of natural gas.

It turned out that it was just to scandance steam from the exhaust of the gas burner. It is enough on the way from the combustion chamber to the chimney to install a heat exchanger with a surface temperature of not more than 55 ° C, which corresponds to approximately the value of the dew point for the combustion products of natural gas.

The principle of operation of the condensation boiler:

• Natural gas is burned in the combustion chamber.
• The heat from combustion is transmitted to the main heat exchanger.
• An additional camera with a heat exchanger is installed in the upper part of the boiler, which is heated no higher than 55 ° C.
• The exhaust steam condenses in the second chamber and gives additional heat.

If we take the classic heat of gas combustion in 100%, then due to condensation, an additional 15%is obtained. Given the release of ordinary boilers. 92%, we get 107% of the efficiency for the condensation boiler.

To implement the normal operation of the condensation boiler, the coolant in the heating system should not be heated from above a certain temperature of 50-55 ° C. The return coming from the radiators is primarily brought to the condenser, and after that to the main heat exchanger.

The principle of operation of the condensation boiler

The principle by which many heating boilers work is very simple. It includes the only action. Fuel combustion. As you know, when fuel combustion, a certain amount of thermal energy is released. With the help of a heat exchanger, the energy of the heat is transmitted to the coolant, and then using circulation enters the heating system. Circulation can be carried out both forcibly and by gravity. The vast majority of modern boilers use forced circulation of the coolant.

In a regular boiler, a certain amount of heat energy goes through the chimney pipe. This heat can be selected and used a second time. Simply, an ordinary boiler partially heats the atmosphere with water steam, which is formed during gas combustion. The most important chip is just hidden here. According to the principle of their work, condensation gas boilers are able to save and direct the steam energy that in an ordinary boiler again to the chimney to the heating system. The whole cunning of the condensation type boiler consists in its heat exchanger.

The condensation boiler is focused on the absorption of energy, which is released during steam condensation. The same heat energy is absorbed by the water that comes in the return, and which previously cools the steam to the temperature of the “dew point”, while releasing thermal energy. This thermal energy is subject to return to the heating system, thereby increasing the efficiency of the condensation boiler.

Currently, all heat exchangers of condensation boilers are made of anti.Corrosion materials. These include silumers or stainless steel. A special capacity is provided for collecting condensation in condensation boilers. Excess condensation is discharged using drainage to the sewer.

Condensate is considered a rather aggressive liquid. Therefore, in some countries, before draining the condensate to the sewer, it must be neutralized. There are neutralizers for this procedure. A neutralizer is a certain container, which is filled with special granules. These granules may include magnesium or calcium.

Design and operation

On execution, condensation boilers for heating are similar to traditional. Usually they are performed in the wall version, although floor.Power devices are also produced, which are used in industrial or office rooms. They differ from ordinary boilers in that the heat exchanger in them is different and is made of acid.Resistant materials, such as silumers or stainless steel. After all, the resulting water condensate due to increased acidity can cause corrosion of steel and cast iron used in the production of ordinary boilers. In the form, the heat exchanger can be performed, for example, in the form of pipes of a complex section with additional spiral ribs. All this is done to increase the area of ​​heat transfer and, accordingly, increase the efficiency of the boiler. In addition, in the gas condensation boiler, a fan installed in front of the burner, which “sucks” gas from the gas pipeline, mixes with air and directs the burner of the gas mixture with air with air.

The removal of flue gases, as a rule, is carried out through coaxial chimneys, usually made of heat.Resistant plastic. And the pump controlled by electronics optimizes the heating power, saves electricity and reduces noise from the coolant flowing in the heating system.

No matter how perfect the boiler is, the effectiveness of its work largely depends on the parameters of the heating system. The lower the water temperature, the more fully the condensation of the water vapor will occur, which means that the greater the fraction of the hidden heat will return to the system. Thus, the higher the efficiency of the boiler will be. Of course, the heating system for the condensation boiler should be applied appropriate, designed for a lower coolant temperature. When designing, it is necessary to set a condition so that the temperature of the coolant in the reverse circuit does not exceed 60 ° C under any conditions outside. In this case, with a relatively small frost, the temperature in the reverse line will be about 45-50 ° C and the boiler will operate in condensation mode. All necessary conditions are respected in floor heating systems or low.Temperature panel heating systems. The condensation mode in this case is ensured throughout the heating period. A prerequisite for the boiler operation in a condensation energy.Saving regime. The temperature of the coolant at the entrance to the boiler is less than 57 ° C. The lower the temperature, the better the condensation will occur and the higher the efficiency of the boiler will be.

But even if you install such a boiler in the place of the old ordinary, without changing the heating system, it will still work with the effect of condensation, that is, more efficiently than the old one. This is due to the fact that the coldest days in our climatic zone of about 10% of the duration of the heating period, therefore, condensation is possible within nine tenths of this period of this period.

Finally, models used both for heating and heating hot water are available, and their power can be 20-100 kW. For household purposes, this is more than enough, and for industrial or office use, more powerful models in the floor are produced. Sets for connecting boilers, expansion tanks, condensate neutralizers are also offered, depending on the installation power, neutralization tools, safety devices, as well as sets of tubular strapping of boilers and connecting a hydraulic arrow, a smoke.Of.The.Way removal system. There are single.Circuit and double.Circuit models for wall or floor installation on the market.

It is worth noting that in Europe it is the most massive type of heating devices, and in many countries the installation of any other gas boilers, except condensation, is prohibited. Cause. Lower emissions of harmful substances and higher efficiency. So some states care about their citizens, prohibiting the sale of not economical and not environmentally friendly equipment.

On our site you can buy a condensation gas boiler at low from manufacturers.

The principle of operation of the condensation boiler

The work of the condensation boiler is based on the principle of fuel burning and condensation processes. During the burning of hydrocarbons, water and carbon dioxide are formed during a chemical reaction. The liquid in a high.Temperature environment for a small time interval turns into steam, consuming thermal energy that can be returned, turning steam into water.

The difficulty in creating such a system was the release of toxic substances during gas combustion, which created chemical and active compounds that cause corrosion processes, as well as carbon dioxide. After the development of stainless steels capable of operating in such an environment, these problems have ceased to be significant.

The work of the condensation boiler looks in stages as follows:

• Water is supplied to the boiler.
• Gas is supplied to the combustion chamber, fire is kindled.
• In the process of combustion, the thermal energy transmitted to the heat exchanger is released and heating it and water, which circulates in it.
• Gas with a temperature above the dew point passes into the second heat exchanger, in which it is cooled by circulating water with a lower temperature.
• When gas reaches the temperature of the dew point, the released thermal energy of steam to the liquid is transmitted by the released thermal energy.

The principle of operation of the condensation boiler

The heat exchanger of the condensation boiler is designed in such a way as to ensure the maximum area of ​​gas contact and coolant to increase the efficiency of work. Its configuration also has a significant impact on the efficiency.

The dependence of the volume of condensed moisture on the boiler operating mode is as follows: the lower the temperature of the water in the return circuit, the higher the condensation. However, the temperature should be at the level of up to 500C. Otherwise, the condensation boiler will work in a regular gas mode and thus its efficiency will decrease to 5%.

For comparison: at a liquid temperature of 400 ° C in a direct supply circuit and 300 ° C in the opposite, the efficiency of the condensation boiler will be 108%, and at 900 ° C and 750s, respectively, 98%.

When operating boilers, it is necessary to observe the working modes, and when choosing a suitable model, you should select its optimal heating power.

Condensation gas boiler: what is it

If we compare the standard gas boiler with its condensation analogue, we can conclude that their differences are not only in some innovations, but in a radically different principles of work. Yes, in both cases, heating of the coolant occurs due to gas combustion, but in the condensation boiler the heating of the coolant is additionally carried out using the exhaust gases.

Over, the system of smoke removal in this case produces the primary heating of the liquid. Spent gases, which contains water vapor in large quantities, first heating the coolant, and only then the gas rises directly to the given temperature. It is thanks to all this that fuel saves-the efficiency of condensation boilers compared with standard units of this type by 15-20% higher.

How such a boiler works? If you do not delve in detail into its design, then it is possible to describe the sequence of the technological cycle of heating the coolant as follows.

The return pipeline of the heating system supplies the coolant to the first heat exchanger. It condenses steam containing in waste gases, thereby giving its heat to the coolant.

Further, the liquid enters the usual high.Temperature heat exchanger, in which the coolant heats up to a given temperature.

Everything is simple, but in fact, this approach to heating the coolant requires some re.Equipment of the boiler. Firstly, the supply of the coolant to the heating system in such units is carried out at the bottom of the boiler. Secondly, the upper low-temperature condensation heat exchanger is equipped with a tank for assembly of condensate. Thirdly, all these innovations largely increase the dimensions of the boiler. In principle, it is easy to put up with all this if such equipment really saves gas, which is the main advantage of the boiler of this type. But besides him, this gas equipment has other advantages.

Gas convection boilers: what is it and what is the principle of their work

Gas convection heating boilers is a classic simple design where a gas burner burns gas, heating the heat exchanger with the coolant above it, the coolant circulates through the heating system and gives heat. In fact, these are ordinary, simple, well.Known gas boilers. They can be both floor and wall, single.Circuit and double.Circuit, have an open or closed combustion chamber.

The main disadvantage of this design is the limit of effectiveness. Most modern convection boilers have an efficiency within 88-92%, and models with the highest efficiency of 93-94.5% are not always justified from a financial point of view, because with an increase of only 2% they have a much more complex design and are in 1.5-2 times more expensive. But even with such high indicators for convection boilers, a huge part of the heat from the combustion chamber leaves the chimney and remains uneashed. The temperature of the outgoing gases often reaches 70-80-90 ° C.

In addition, little.Known before the purchase, but an unexpected and frequent drawback during operation is the formation of condensate in a chimney. Usually it is formed with low-temperature heating mode, when the temperature of the gases extending through the chimney drops below 50-60 ° C, especially if the gases are removed through a traditional, vertical chimney, when designing which is often allowed to deviate from SNiP.

The formation of condensate in this case means not just a liquid, but a mixture of serious acids that reduce the service life of the chimney and the heat exchanger of the boiler (when it enters it).

On the coaxial chimney, regardless of the temperature regime of heating, at a street temperature below.15 ° C, ice is often formed, which narrows or completely blocks the removal of combustion products, as a result of which the boiler stops combustion, automation knocks out the corresponding error.

The rest is quite justified, simple, and most importantly. A financially affordable design. For the most primitive domestic floor models. The best in the ratio “.

Advantages and disadvantages

User reviews

“I read a lot about the boilers and concluded that traditional attitudes are a thing of the past. They are replaced by condensation. I chose the wall model Protherm MKV, which allows you to save up to 15% of gas. For 5-6 years, this is a significant savings (you can buy a new boiler). It works properly, quietly, the batteries are always hot, easy to manage. Even children or old people can adapt. In operation for six months. There were no problems “.

“Acquired the Ariston Genus Premium Evo 24 FF gas boiler. In use one winter. I have a house with an area of ​​170 m2 with warm floors and other electronics. During the heating season, the consumption amounted to about 2700 m3 (6 months). The house has always been warm and comfortable. The assembly of the unit is good, the boiler is simple to control. Recommend!””.

“They took the VISSMANN VITODENS condensation boiler 100-W. Of the advantages: compact dimensions, economical, power is adjusted automatically, not warmed up. Cons: a noisy pump, the price of the unit itself and its components (original). In use for more than a year, the only thing is that manufacturers could place noise insulation inside the body. And so everything is fine. There is a screen where all the necessary information is displayed, more economically compared to the old boiler. “.

The condenser gas boiler is an innovative heating equipment that uses heat to the maximum. The installation of such an unit will forget about what cold winter is.

Condensation boilers placement standards

Condensation boilers for heating and hot water supply of the house are installed in strict accordance with the current SNiP and sanitary standards. Separately, the requirements for the premises used for the needs of the boiler room and the system of smoke eating are separately stipulated.

Recommendations are aimed at ensuring security and minimizing the probability of emergency situations. Norms are specified in SP 60.13330 (SNiP 41-01-2003). SP 62.13330 (SNiP 42-01-2002).

What should be a boiler room

The condensation boiler does not burn air from the premises during operation, therefore, the requirements specified in SNiP are much lower than for atmospheric equipment. Mandatory standards for installation:

• The area of ​​the room is at least 8 m². There should be enough space to ensure the possibility of connecting a boiler and unhindered access to all important nodes for maintenance.
• Boilers with a closed combustion chamber can be closed with decorative partitions, integrated into furniture.
• Must equip water treatment and filtering with a system.
• It is allowed to connect in any non.Residential room, separated from the corridor or living rooms, a doorway.
• Walls and floor, are lined with non.Combustible finishing materials. Ceiling height, at least 2.2 m. A hinged boiler is located within 0.8.1.6 m from the floor level.

The technical characteristics of gas condensation boilers allow their installation as source of autonomous heating of the apartment in a multi.Storey building.

Smoke gases removal device

Closed.Type boilers, forced removal of combustion products and air fence is used. Circulation of air masses, is carried out through coaxial chimneys, which are a design of the “pipe in the pipe” type.

Modern boiler equipment is equipped with independent smoke removal outputs. The removal of combustion products is carried out into a regular chimney, and air fence is performed through a small hole in the wall.

The principle of operation of a condensation gas boiler with a coaxial chimney is as follows:

• Inside the boiler housing, there are two turbines. The first, pumps air onto the burner and connects to the outer pipe, the second, removes combustion products and is connected to the internal cavity of the coaxial chimney.
• Air fence occurs forcibly, through the upper cavity of the pipe. Removal of combustion products through the core of the chimney.

Condensation type boilers are performed in several versions. Since the temperature of the outgoing gases does not exceed 110 ° C, you can put a plastic pipe that differs in simplicity of installation and cheapness, or choose a stainless steel option. When arranging a common vertical chimney, as a rule, a warm sandwich pipe is chosen.

Pros and cons of condensation boilers

Before you finally decide on the purchase, it is necessary to carefully analyze all the pros and cons of condensation gas boilers. The advantages and disadvantages become obvious when taking into account thermotechnical characteristics, real operating experience and other aspects.

Some nuances pay attention to the reviews of those who have been using condensation heating equipment for some time for some time. What practice shows?

Advantages of condensation equipment

The benefit of installing a condensation gas boiler is obvious. Savings, compared with atmospheric boiler equipment, is about 30-45%. In condensation mode, the efficiency of condensation boilers reaches 108-109%. If we take into account, a constant increase in for “blue fuel”, every year, the installation becomes economically appropriate.

Additional advantages of installing condensation boiler equipment:

• The possibility of heating underfloor heating. Condensation equipment was developed taking into account the connection to low.Temperature heating systems (warm floors). But, if necessary, the installation of a combined heating system is allowed (radiators and warm floors are connected at the same time).
• Economics. A modulation burner, high efficiency and weather dependent automation, significantly reduced fuel consumption, which is especially noticeable if it is planned to make heating on liquefied gas. When installing a gas tank or a gas tank unit, the optimal choice is the connection of the condensation unit.
• The service life of condensation boilers is the minimum operation of 12-15 years. During this time, the boiler is fully paid off and over time begins to bring stable income, in the form of a reduction in the cost of heating residential premises.

Disadvantages of condensation heater

Heater with condensing heat selection technology have only two serious disadvantages, directly related to their internal device and the principle of operation:

• Low.Temperature heating mode. Equipment is more suitable exclusively for the southern and medium.Widths. Pointing a house located in the north will be more difficult. The minimum operating temperature when heating the coolant is 53 ° C, the maximum 65-70 ° C, which at the ambient temperature from above.20 ° C, obviously not enough.
• High cost. Condensation heater will cost an average of 2 times more than classic boilers. Models with a built.In boiler will cost more than three times. Connecting to the remote capacity, equates the purchase of a household boiler to an industrial heat generator.

Even taking into account self.Sufficiency, not every consumer is ready to once invest in boiler equipment with condensing heat selection technology, therefore, there is no need to expect excessive demand for these heater.