How many bricks for a Dutch oven

Materials and their quantity

To independently put together a Dutch oven without a stove with your own hands will require the following materials and stove molding:

Nr. n/a	Name of material and furnace fittings	Unit. Dimension.	Quantity
1	Standard ceramic brick M150 M250	You. EA.	0,65
2	Fireclay brick	You. piece.	0,05
3	Heavy clay	kg	90
4	Coarse river sand	м³	0,5
5	Fire grate 250×250 mm	pcs.	1
6	Cleaning door 130×70 mm	pcs.	3
7	Furnace door 250×280 mm	piece.	1
8	Ash door 250×140 mm	pcs.	1
9	Gate valve 130×130 mm	pcs.	1
10	The bolt 130×250 mm	pc.	1
11	Asbestos cord	м	10
12	Annealed steel wire	м	10
13	Steel strip 50×5 mm	м	3,5
14	Heat-resistant adhesive for reinforcing masonry joints	kg	20

For the construction of the foundation you need to buy:

• Portland cement. 1 sack (50 kg);
• sand. 0,01 m³;
• crushed stone. 0.5 m³;
• mesh reinforcement with a mesh size of 0.84 m²;
• roofing felt. 0.84 m²;
• bituminous mastic. 8 kg;
• Board for assembling the formwork. 152 m³;
• nails. 0,2 kg;
• binding wire. 15. 20 m.

Dutch oven

How to fold your own hands a simple version of the stove with three vertical channels, we told earlier in a separate step by step instruction. This publication presents a variant of a heat-intensive Dutchman stove with a horizontal duct system, shown in the drawing.

• thermal power. 2,5 kW;
• The average heated area. 20 sq. m;
• dimensions in the plan. 51 x 89 cm;
• The planned height of the furnace is 35 rows of bricks or 2.45 m (can be increased if necessary);
• An inner cavity filled with sand to save the heat.

Traditional Dutch oven is suitable for heating a small private house, cottage or bath. It is placed in a comfortable place of the heated room with 10 cm indent from the building foundation and away from the exterior walls. As the design does not provide for a stove, the stove is built in a living room, a living room or a bedroom.

Building material preparation

The advantageous feature of the Dutch-style stove in terms of economy is the possibility of using second-grade materials, including used bricks. For the preparation of mortar will go common ravine clay and carefully sifted quartz sand.

To build the model shown in the drawing will require building materials and stove castings in this quantity:

• 25 x 12 x 6.5 cm standard size full-body ceramic bricks. 400 pcs.;
• the main furnace door 250 x 205 mm;
• Ash chamber door 13 x 14 cm;
• Inspection door for cleaning with dimensions of 130 x 140 mm. 2 items;
• ready-made grate (grates) 25 x 25 cm
• chimney flap 130 x 130 cm. 2 items;
• Pre-flame steel sheet 0,5 x 0,7 m;
• roofing felt;
• felt or asbestos cardboard.

Recommendation. Since the combustion chamber is built without using refractory stones, high-quality, well-fired red bricks should be selected for its masonry.

We build rubble foundations

Since the weight of the structure is about 1.5 tons, it is necessary to install the foundation, not related to the foundation of the existing building. In order to save materials, it is made of broken stone, bricks and large debris. The upper plane of the foundation is brought to the level of the floor of the room.

Lay the foundation according to the step-by-step instructions:

• With at least 100 mm distance from the building foundation, dig a 61 x 100 cm pit, which is 100 mm larger than the dimensions of the stove. The depth depends on the location of a dense layer of soil and is at least half a meter.
• Pour a bed of sand and tamp it down. The thickness of the layer. 10 cm.
• Fill the hole with rubble, seal it thoroughly and grout the gaps between the stones with liquid cement mortar (clay with water is a budget option).
• When the mortar hardens, make waterproofing of the underground part, laying the upper plane with double folded roofing felt, as prescribed in the scheme.

Smooth the surface of the foundation with cement mortar, wait until it sets and then put a sheet of basalt cardboard or clay soaked felt on top. The base of the furnace is ready.

Masonry procedure

It is important to make the right masonry mortar for the reliability of the building. Soak the clay with water for 24 hours, pass it through a fine sieve, mix it with sand at a ratio of 1 : 1, then adjust the consistency. Too greasy mortar later threatens to crack, and lean mortar will not gain the required strength. In the first case, sand is added, in the second. clay.

Name	Quantity
Aspirating door	1 piece
Ash door	2 pieces
Fireclay brick	50-100 pcs
An ordinary red brick	200-500 pieces
Sliders/Sliders	2 items
Fire grate	1 item
Clay	90 kilograms
Sand	Half a Cube

All doors can be purchased in specialized stores or in the warehouse of building materials in your city. Many people order doors from local craftsmen to make their stove a design element of the room.

Dutch oven with a metal casing will be an excellent heating system for two-story cottage buildings, to which you can not bring gas pipes and install a classic boiler heating system. Also round Dutch stoves are an excellent choice for any agricultural buildings. they do not have a huge power, but they can heat the room enough for comfortable living.

The design of round hollandok with a metal casing is the main advantage of these heating systems. despite the complexity of the installation, to make the furnace can make anyone, if he will use the mandatory poryadovka and properly prepare the mortar.

Of course, if you are not confident that you can properly perform the masonry furnace, it is better to enlist the help of expert stoves, which can produce the installation of the entire structure correctly, and the furnace will function as necessary.

Dutch oven made of bricks with their own hands with a cooking surface

When choosing a stove for heating the country house, you should pay attention to the Dutchman. It is more compact in size, unlike the Russian one, it heats up faster, uses less fuel, and looks much more presentable in the interior. We will tell you how to fold a Dutchman with their own hands, and it is not as difficult as it seems at first glance. The most important condition is to carefully follow the step by step guide and observe the poryadovka. And what you will need for this in our article.

Materials used and stove appliances

The material for the mass of the furnace is an ordinary clay brick in accordance with GOST 39096. It is very important that it is well-fired and when tapping it produces a resounding clear sound. Cracked unburned brick will greatly reduce the strength and durability of masonry.

Clay is used as a binder in masonry stoves, most often red. Conventionally it is divided into three types according to the amount of sand in the composition:

Composition of the mortar: clay, sand and water. The more natural sand in the clay, the less it is added to the clay. The ratio of clay-sand for different clays is:

Sand is used fine particle size less than 1 mm, so it is sifted through a sieve (mesh 11.5 mm). Heat-resistant masonry mix can be used.

• Brick ordinary clay (excluding chimney) 450 pcs.
• Fire grate 180×250 mm 1 pc.
• Furnace door 205×205 m 1 pc.
• Aspan door 1 pc.
• Smoke damper 130×240 mm 2 pcs.
• Furnace fireproof metal sheet 500×700 mm 1 pc.

Furnace and ash door

Fire grate and smoke damper

Materials to be stored

If you have chosen the type of furnace (“mini” or “maxi”), made a firm decision to build a stove-hollandaise. it is time to stock up on materials and pick up tools.

• Standard sized refractory oven bricks;
• clay;
• gravel;
• sand;
• Water;
• roofing felt;
• thin steel wire.

You also need to take care of the facing materials. The furnace is heated to a very high temperature, respectively, to the facing materials have a number of requirements:

The volume of materials used in construction is taken constructively. In this case it is necessary to calculate: how many bricks do you need to build a Dutch oven.

Masonry diagram for oven rows.

The outer layer of the project is usually laid out of ceramic bricks. This material is well machinable and has sufficient thermal conductivity.

Examine the surface carefully when you buy it. Quality stones of this type do not have differences in color across the surface, there are no cracks and chips, the geometry meets the standards.

The furnace requires a special refractory brick that can withstand high temperatures and is highly durable. The latter property is both a virtue and at the same time a disadvantage, because it complicates its machining.

Refractory bricks are made in a variety of shapes. What’s more, it has no cavities. This kind of artificial stone can withstand temperatures of 1400 1600 ºC. It differs from the ordinary type in its composition and characteristic metallic ringing on impact.

It is made of special refractory clay in industrial furnaces at very high temperatures. Such material has a clear edge, which allows you to perform with it the exact geometric buildings. But refractory bricks have a rather high cost. Therefore, it is recommended to divide the construction to the exterior and interior finish.

Determining the quality and quantity of bricks

When buying the material, you need to be careful to check its quality. The most important thing is the integrity and durability. A good block withstands a strong blow of the hammer, producing a high-pitched, sonorous sound. One of the fragments should be split. inside it should be homogeneous color, and the chip even. Rough patches and surface irregularities are a consequence of the manufacturing process and are not considered defects.

The blocks are counted according to the pattern. There is simply no other way to get an accurate result. The furnace is a hollow structure, the need is calculated in pieces, which are then converted to cubic meters. These are the units in which products are shipped.

Since different varieties of stones will be used in construction, their number should be calculated along these lines:

If it is intended to cut the block, it is counted as a whole.

Since chamotte retains heat energy better, it is advisable to overpay a little and use it to erect the entire structure.

Example of calculation

A simple way to determine the number of stones is an equation where the number of blocks in the first level is multiplied by the number of rows and by the fill factor. It is 0.8 for heating and 0.65 for cooking structures. On the chimney need 56 pieces per meter, plus 15% for marriage and errors.

Example: a hearth of 100X100 cm, which is 4×4 bricks. 30 rows high. The chimney is 400 cm high.

Adding 15% (127) we get 975. Further the clay (30 kg/100 pieces) = 300 kg, sand (70 kg/100 pieces) = 700 kg. We add wire, doors and decor elements.

The shape of the heater may be rectangular or circular.

Principle of flue gas movement in the Dutch heater

Flue gases generated during the combustion of fuel from the furnace enter the first elevated flue duct. Here they give out their heat and through the pass gradually descend to the level of the furnace along the outlet channel, where due to high temperature they heat up again and the process repeats. And from the last channel the smoke goes into the chimney.

This system of smoke ventilation allows for effective heating of the room.

Camp Oven vs Dutch Oven

The draught in the classic, outdated model is regulated by the height of the pipe, the damper and the furnace door.

The positive sides of the Dutch oven

• ability to heat a large space;
• Lightweight construction (compared to a Russian stove);
• after the combustion of fuel, the oven heats the room for a long time due to the heated bricks, which accumulate heat;
• aesthetic appearance;
• modern models have the ability to convert the furnace opening, styling it like a fireplace;
• thanks to the thickness of the masonry of one brick, the structure heats quickly, while using less fuel than in a Russian stove;
• possibility of combining the oven with boilers and connecting it to a water circuit and even to gas burners
• possibility of using any solid fuel.

Disadvantages of the classic design

• The absence of a hob does not allow you to use the oven for cooking;
• Absence of an ash-pan in the classical model of the Dutch oven does not allow to regulate the draught optimally;
• Due to the same design feature in bad weather with poor draft it is possible that smoke enters the room;
• Lack of grate and ash drawer makes it difficult to clean the stove from the products of combustion.
• Modern constructions are devoid of these disadvantages. In addition, the Dutch oven is modified, allowing you to bake in the ovens loaf or cook food, and the ash pan allows you to regulate the draft and eliminates the possibility of getting into the room of furnace gases.

What you need for laying the oven?

For the furnace itself you will need the following materials

• Furnace full-body bricks and refractory bricks (approximate number. about two hundred pieces, depending on the volume of masonry);
• Ruberoid, waterproofing or special film;
• kiln clay;
• river sand;
• cement (concrete);
• plastic wire;
• cast-iron doors;
• grate;
• asbestos cord;
• water;
• gate valve;
• rebar for the foundation.

Important! In order to check the correctness of the drawing, the furnace is laid out of bricks on a flat surface without the use of binders (clay and cement). This avoids construction errors.

Preparation of the clay mortar

This is done two to three days before the oven is built.