How to put a fan on the processor correctly

Backplait AM4. Cooler fasteners that can damage the motherboard

The processor is one of the most strongly warming details of the system unit, and if it does not cool it, it will burn in a matter of minutes. The cooler for the system unit is placed directly on it. Cooling is different, depending on how powerful the processor is installed in the system.

There are two types of cooling. This is active and passive.

Passive cooling is that it is presented in the form of a simple radiator that removes heat from the processor. This type of cooling does not require much energy and is cheap, and also does not emit such noise as fans.

Active type of cooling involves the presence of a fan near the radiator. Sometimes in such coolers there is a marking of the direction of air flow, which makes it possible to decide which way to put the cooler on the processor.

Installation instructions

Depending on the manufacturer of the processor, step.By.Step installation instructions will vary. However, in any case, you will have to pull out the motherboard from the system unit and prepare it for the installation of the new cooler.

• First you need to turn off all the cables and wires attached to the motherboard.
• Unscrew all the binding screws.
• Take out the board from the system unit.
• Remove all RAM boards, having previously squeezed the latches.
• Disconnect the power fan power of the cooling system.
• Remove the old cooler.

General actions are over. Consider for each type of processor.

On AMD processors

Before starting the installation, you should familiarize yourself with the instructions attached to the cooler to make sure that it approaches this type of processor.

• Complete with the cooler should be special clips that adjust the device for Intel or AMD processors, and return boards with mounts. You need to find all this.
• Using a screwdriver, loosen the fastening of the bolts on the cooling system.
• In two formed openings, insert suitable clips.
• We tightly twist the bolts. Clips should not shift.
• On the return board, install all the latches. Depending on the model of the cooler, the method of attachment may vary, so you need to look in the attached instructions.
• Glue a bilateral tape on which the cooler will stay in the center of the return board in a special connector.
• Attach the return board from the bottom of the processor under the motherboard.
• Now you can apply thermal plant and start the installation of the cooler.
• Correlating it with grooves on the motherboard, tighten all the bolts diagonal to each other first and only then completely.
• Insert.
• Flow the fan. If special gaskets for extinguishing vibration were included with the cooling system, they must be glued to the cooler.

On Intel processors

The process of installing the cooler on Intel processors is very similar to the previous instruction, but there are some differences. The most important thing is to use another set of clip. Otherwise, the cooler will be fixed incorrectly and will completely remove heat from the processor. This will lead to a drop in performance or breakdown.

Air performance. How to arrange coolers correctly

When choosing parts for a computer, they often try to save on the case. The main thing is that more glass and fans with illumination in the kit. A lot of “turntables”, of course, is always good (and the backlight is even better), there is no doubt, but it is important to know that both the design of the case and the location of the fans can seriously affect how often you will need to clean the “box”. In some cases, this can even affect performance in games.

A lot of RGB-“Venten” in the kit is wonderful, but something with this body is wrong.

Schrödinger vacuumber

Dust is one of the main enemies of the computer, and its layers on components are only part of the riddle. Dust likes to accumulate on plate radiators, and if these radiators are not regularly cleared, then the components will begin to overheat. The result is lower frequencies both on the processor and on the video card. Accordingly, performance will fall with them, and this will lead to a decrease in speed.

For example, NVIDIA cards with their automatic “overclock” Nvidia Boost are very sensitive to fever. Specialists from Gamers Nexus say that NVIDIA cards make it possible to increase the frequency to one level if the chip temperature drops to 70 degrees, and starting with 60–63 “boosts” can rise even higher.

The stability of the card frequency is also important. The smaller the fluctuations, the less FPS will “jump”, and accordingly, the game will be smoother. If the average temperature of your card, for example, is 65 degrees, then try to lower it up to 62-61-then Boost will have the opportunity to raise the frequency higher.

NVIDIA uses GPU Boost technology, which is constantly improving. So, the latest version is able to automatically adjust the frequency changes at single voltage points, which means more accurate automatic “overclocks”.

Intel processors also easily lower their boosts if they smell overheating. In their case, the fall begins when the processor reaches the maximum permitted temperature. When using factory coolers, it is very easy to reach this temperature in a poorly ventilated and dusty case. With a “suffocating” processor, the games can begin to “freeze” greatly without an obvious reason. Dust can significantly worsen the life of even owners of Pentium and Core i3, who work normally under the “stock” fan.

Importance of the type of video card and the location of the power supply

An additional factor capable of influencing the temperatures of components is the design of coolers of the components themselves, for example video cards. So, the cards can be cooled by the simplest fan with a directed junction. Such types of coolers are well suited into small buildings, since a large amount of heat is removed immediately through the rear exhaust of the map. This type of cooling is often cheaper, but it works louder, and the average chip temperature in the case of them exceeds 80 degrees.

A map with an undeniable exhaust blows hot air directly into the case, so the graphic chip itself will be cooler, but the components of the motherboard will begin to overheat. In this case, air circulation in the systematic is extremely important. Hot air needs to be urgently removed. Water cooling, of course, is the most convenient. Hot air is immediately blown out by the fan, but such cards are often much more expensive.

Of course, do not forget that the power supply (PSU) is driven by air. It should always be placed down. Then he will not try to cool himself with hot air from the “case”. PSU operate in isolation. The cold stream enters inside, and the hot one immediately comes out. That is why the best arrangement of this component is in the lower part of the case. Fortunately, most often the “case” of medium sizes with the lower location of the BP is combined with a map of non.Directional blowing. In this case, the location of the fans plays a crucial role in temperature control, regulating air circulation and dust accumulation.

How to avoid dust accumulation?

How to make sure that this very dust in the building accumulates to a minimum? First of all, you need to vacuum at home. The vacuum cleaner itself is a very useful thing, which we often use too little. And do not hold the computer on the floor. There is dust, sand, hair and everything else, the easiest way to penetrate inside. In addition, check how many fans in the case are located, where they are located, where dust filters blow and are facing them. In the case of more expensive buildings, the most important places (front panel and under the power supply) are already covered with removable filters, which must be cleaned every couple of months, especially if you have pets or just a lot of dust at home. If the housing does not have dust filters, then it is easy to make them yourself. You need to get a grid and magnetic stickers, and then just cut it in size.

Previously, they did not take the air movement seriously-it is good when there was one exhaust 80-mm fan behind the back. Two main types of air circulation in the case are popular today. Negative and positive pressure.

Negative pressure

Negative pressure is based on the fact that more air is blown out of the case than it is drawn. Accordingly, the air needs to find the opportunity to get inside. The result. Each gap acts as a place of retraction, and all the dust, hair and even insects can be easily pulled into the body. The main problem of this approach is the inability to put dust filters in these cracks: you need to have either a magical case without a single gap (there are such?), or fill in everything manually (why?). The main plus is that you do not need to worry about dust filters, because the case retracts the air not through the fans, but through the cracks. But you need to worry about all these layers of dust inside, both on components and on wires.

Installation of a cooler on a processor

Fan (fan, cooler). A device that ensures the cooling of the processor. As a rule, the cooler is installed on top of the processor itself. There are various models of coullers, for different sockets.

Distinguish between active and passive coolers. A passive cooler is called a conventional radiator. Such a cooler consumes a minimum of electricity, is very cheap and practically does not make noise. Active cooler is a radiator with a fan fixed on it or the one that selects cold (Peltier chips).

Active air coolers are most widely used. Such a cooler is an active air cooler and consists of a metal radiator with a fan mounted on it. Modern coolers have large dimensions and weight. Thanks to the use of coolers, computers have relatively small sizes. The disadvantage of the coolers is the additional acoustic noise that they publish during work.

The fan drives large volumes of air through the ribs of the radiator and this ensures a normal thermal mode of the processor. To determine the direction of air flow, there is no need to connect the cooler to the power. The wings of the impeller will be slightly concave from the side where the air flow output. Sometimes the cooler body is marked with arrows indicating the rotation of the impeller and the direction of air flow. As in any mechanical device, the rubbing parts of the cooler (rolling bearings, sliding) must be lubricated in time with machine oil. It is forbidden to use vegetable oils (olive, sunflower, etc.). After a while, such an oil dries, and even it will become impossible to disassemble the cooler.

You will learn about the insufficient amount of lubrication by a gradually increasing acoustic noise from the cooler. If this prevention is not done on time, then the bearings wear intensively, and you will need to install a new cooler.

Consider the main components of the cooler

The radiator distributes the heat of the cooled object (processor) into the environment. Therefore, he must have direct physical contact with the cooled object. For the process of heat transfer from the processor to the radiator, the contact area should be as much as possible. The side of the radiator adjacent to the processor is called the sole (base). The heat passes to the base from the nucleus, then it is distributed over the entire area of ​​the radiator and dissipated.

Different materials are used for the manufacture of coolers radiators.

• Aluminum has good thermal characteristics, lightweight and is relatively cheap worth.
• Copper is much better than aluminum conducts heat, But it costs and has a large weight (such models weigh about 1 kg).
• Some radiators do, combining copper and aluminum plates.

Fans are divided into two types: radial and axial

Axial fans are most common due to small sizes and good performance, performance/noise. The axial fan is a regular fan with a propeller. The air flow in it is directed along the rotation axis.

In radial fans (bluvens), the air flow is directed at an angle of 90 degrees to the engine axis. In radial fans, instead of a propeller with blades, drums (impeller) spinning. This type of fan requires higher power engines. Therefore, the flewers are larger in size and are more expensive. But radial fans have their advantages. The air flow in them has a higher speed, less turbulence and more uniform.

Fans are also classified by the method of connection, design of bearings and sizes.

There is information about bearings in the fan marking:

Sliding bearing is just a pillow of oil and sliding materials. These bearings wear out quickly. Their only advantage is low cost.

Ballic bearings (Ball) are more reliable. Durable, and therefore they are mainly used for modern coolers. These are bearings consisting of two radial rings, between which there are small balls.

The most common fan sizes are: 60x60x25, 50x50x10, 45x45x10.

Fans, according to the connection method, are divided into SMART (connection via Molex Connector) and ordinary (connecting via PC-Plug Connector).

An important parameter of the fan is the level of noise he produced. In the documentation for the cooler, it is necessarily indicated. For normal operation, such noise should not be higher than 25 dB.

Another important characteristic of the fan is the power consumption. Usually it is 0.Eight.One.6 W.

The frequency of rotation of the blades is also an important parameter. This parameter shows the number of revolutions per minute (rpm.). The larger this parameter, the more air is driven up per minute, but the noise is produced more. The documentation indicates the amount of air distilled per minute (CFM). To power all computer fans, direct current is used.

Supporting the cooler on the processor

The process of installing the cooler on the processor is very simple, if everything is done carefully and without haste. It is advisable to install the cooler on the processor before installing the motherboard in the case. And for additional convenience and safety, it is recommended to install a cooler on a box of suitable size, for example, from the motherboard. If you have bought a processor in a box (Box- Version with the cooler), then looking at the sole of the cooler, you will see a thin layer of special material there- thermointeam. It is installed by the manufacturer of the cooler.

When buying a cooler separately from the processor, you need to buy a thermal pad (KPT-8, Alil). One tube of pastes is enough for several cooler installations.

Consider the installation of a cooler for a socket 754, 939, AM2

• Turn the coaller over and see if there is a thermointease applied by the manufacturer on it. If there is, then you can go to 3 points. If you have a cooler without a thermointease and with a protective film, then you need to remove it.
• Take a thermal grease. Carefully squeeze the paste to distribute it with an uniform layer along the entire contact site of the processor. Consider the fact that when the cooler is installed, the paste from the pressure will be smeared over the entire surface, and therefore there is no need to apply it with a thick layer. So that the cooler can press more tightly to the processor contact site, apply thermal lubricants with a very thin layer. The thick layer will worsen the abduction of heat (the thermal conductivity is worse in the paste than that of the metal).

Install the fan

If you previously removed the fan from the radiator, you need to return it back. The fastening depends on the specific model of the cooler, so read the user guide.

If you use water cooling, you need to connect a radiator, a tank with a coolant and a water pump to each other.

Cooling wires of cooler 2 pin

The simplest cooler with two wires. The most common color: black and red. Black. Working “minus” board, red. Power 12 in.

Here the coils create a magnetic field that makes the rotor spin inside the magnetic field created by the magnet, and the Hall sensor evaluates the rotation (position) of the rotor.

Common errors when installing coolers

Before you put the cooler, read the typical errors that users make:

• The back fan works for a blowing, front to blow. Warm air that will rise from the power supply enters the housing. Cooling in this case insufficient.
• Only a back fan is used, which works for a blowing. The same as in the previous case, plus excess pressure is created inside the chassis. Air circulation is disturbed and the details are overheated.
• Only a back or front cooler is used, working on blowing. Low pressure is created inside the case. Dust penetrates through all possible cracks, as a result of which the “insides” of the systems are clogged much faster.
• The front propeller works for a bite, the back is missing. Excessive pressure inside the computer does not allow the details to cool normally.

The most common errors when buying and installing:

If we speak in simple language and not go into details of varying degrees of specifics, then the processor cooler, whether it is a craft for Intel or AMD, always consists of 2 elements:

But then more interesting. Radiators can be both classic (aluminum bar with nut, sometimes with copper stain of contact to the processor), or tower (an impressive form, an aluminum structure, often permeated with copper heat puffs, as well as a direct contact of these same tubes with a processor or intermediary plate made of copper ). There are also radiators oriented under his, but they are attached to a completely different place.

Classic are designed for office assemblies, since they are not much different from boxing coolers (which are delivered in a box with a processor). They are able to scatter up to 95 watts of heat and are not designed to accelerate the chip, even if you really want to. Even if the board has a good power subsystem.

Tower ones already allow you to scatter from 130 to 250 watts of heat, depending on the model. Take for example a bestseller of past years. Zalman CNPS10x Perform (or Optima) and its 150 W.Productivity thanks to the branded turntable with the “shark fins” and the successful design of the radiator.

Do not know what turntable you need? Google the characteristics of your stone and find out its heat package.

Positive pressure

To create a positive pressure in the front of the case, two retractable are most often placed, and one blowing fan is in the back. This, of course, if the case supports such a location of “Venten”. One of the most popular buildings of past years, Corsair 200R, allows you to install only one fan in front. In this case, you need to experiment with the position of the second. With a hot video card you can let cold air on the side directly to the overheating component, which will significantly lower the temperature. And if the processor overheats, then on top. See how the fans work in your case. Where they blow, where they are, and depending on this, try to move them. Each building is individual, so there is no universal solution. The most important thing is to shift the balance in favor of giving air. And again, make sure that each retracting fan has an dust filter.

The main minus of positive pressure is that you need to monitor the cleanliness of the filters. The improper location of some fans can create s of circulating hot air, which is dangerous in its own way. This problem arises only in the case of installing drawing and blowing fans close to each other, so again check how and where the “turntables” blow in your body blow.

As a result, both the location of the fans and the choice of housing can affect performance in games. If you have a case with three fans in front (excellent!) and a glass panel, but the air has no space for entering, then the benefits of these “turntables” are minimal. A good case. With a net on the front panel, which will give the coolers to breathe, or with a lateral gap of more than 3 cm, from where it will also be possible to tighten the air. So, Cooler Master was forced to update her cult hull H500P, which was produced by critics. The company produced H500M with a retina front panel, and it was recognized as one of the best this year.

No longer, H500P is a very beautiful case, but this glass in front completely ruined all the cooling. When replacing glass with a net, the temperature improved by almost 5 degrees.

Be careful when you choose a case: glass is cool, but a clean and working computer is still cooler.