What is the convenience of the water tank?
Stove and water tank. a combination that has several advantages at once. A steam room, which has two such elements, guarantees maximum convenience, as the hot liquid is used not only for the heater, but also for bathing procedures, as well as for washing the rooms.
The main advantage of the water tank. no need for a water heater, gas or electric appliances. Therefore, owners of a simple design will be spared unnecessary costs. Tanks differ in the place of installation, they can have different sizes and shapes, which means that the first thing the future owners would do well to know what tanks for the bath exist, which of them can be made on their own.
Bath stove with his own hands for 7 thousand. Drawing
I decided to share the project of a sauna stove welded from a standard-sized sheet of metal 250×125 cm, 3 mm thick.
The dimensions are based on the minimum number of cutting and welding parts, so the height of the furnace will be. 125 cm, length. 65 cm, width. 40 cm. Water tank capacity is 65 liters, the total volume of the sauna heater is about 140 liters, and the usable volume is about half of that. It is possible to change the volume, but then the number of cutting and welding parts will increase.A closed type sauna heater with intermittent heating, t.е. The stones are heated directly from the firebox and the smoke passing between them (classic version). You can, however, do it with constant heating, fencing off the furnace with a partition above the corners and letting the flue pipe through the sauna heater (in this case the efficiency of the heater will decrease considerably).
We will cut out parts of the sheet according to the pattern below, consistently starting with number “1” and ending with number “7”, you should not cut out all the parts at once, because you will have to adjust them on the spot and the size may not match.
For work we will need:- Sheet metal 250×125 cm. 1 pc.- Metal angle 50×50. 5. Door hinges, bolts with nuts. Welding machine with electrodes Ø3 mm. 5kg. “angle grinder” with cutting and grinding disc. Drill with metal drill bits. Magnetic angle, angle, level. Sledgehammer, slag hammer. Tape measure, chalk, marker, nail for marking
We need a flat, level surface for work. First we cut out the sides and back wall.
We align and tack weld, measure and cut to size the middle wall, also tack.
Next, we cut out and weld the bottom of the tank and weld the inner seams before installing the front wall, put the front wall.
Weld all seams. At the bottom of weld an angle to strengthen the design, prevent deformation and burning of metal. Fill the tank with water and check its tightness.
Mark and cut out the firebox door, weld the awnings so the door can be detachable.
Just above the level of the bottom of the tank weld the corners for the stones.
Close the top, cut a hole for the chimney, recommended diameter. 140 mm. Install a dampener, gate valve or other way to “close” the bath.
Requirements for the design of such stoves
The best, productive stoves for baths with water tanks, are devices that have these qualities:
Devices are necessary for maximum efficiency:
- Heat generator and steam generator, which regulates the power of the device
- Adjustable heat output, which should be enough to heat the steam room. Sometimes it is not enough for heating a certain type of sauna
- Convection system, which allows you to regulate temperature differences and heat the bath faster
- The cover must be as strong as possible
Description of the metal bath stove and its main characteristics
You can, of course, buy a metal stove in the bath. However, the best option would be to make it with your own hands. A simple variant. burzhuyka, which is a metal construction, equipped with a door and a pipe. Low heat output and significant financial costs for the purchase of fuel do not allow the effective use of the heating installation, so it can be seen in rare cases.
- For the filling and storage of stones it is customary to use a heat chamber;
- There is a reservoir designed for storing water of 30-70 liters.
Furnace for the bath made of iron requires facing with refractory bricks. This makes it possible to evenly heat the air in the room and makes the design completely safe for operation.
Metal sauna stove
Weld the stove for the bath with your own hands from metal according to the drawings. the easiest way to save money on equipping the steam room. You can make the design by yourself or adapt the measurements to the detailed drawings, which are easy to find on the Internet. Make variants with hinged or built-in tanks, it all depends on the qualifications and skills of the owner in welding works.
The designs of iron stoves are similar and consist of the following basic elements:
- a furnace with doors for wood, an ash pan, and a grate;
- The heater. the places where the heat-accumulating stones will be placed;
- water tank, heat exchanger in separate systems.
For acceleration of work in advance prepare the tool and materials.
Of the tools for work will be needed:
- Welding machine, mask, electrodes;
- angle grinder (angle grinder) with cutting and scraping discs, drill with a set of drills;
- tape measure or meter, steel angle-template;
- A pencil or scribe to make a marking.
Work is simplified if the arsenal of the master is present corner, equipped with magnets. the accuracy of work becomes higher, one hand is released, as the workpieces are securely connected at the right angle before tacking.
Material for the furnace is purchased at construction bases, but it is more advantageous to visit metal reception centers. there you can always find the necessary size blanks.
- 3 mm steel sheet for the walls and the bottom of the furnace and the water tank;
- iron sheet from 8 mm for the top cover (bottom of the tank);
- Cast iron grate or steel fittings with a diameter of 16 mm, if thinner, it will quickly lead;
- 100 mm chimney pipe;
- Water drain valve from the tank;
- Sheet steel to protect the floor;
- ready to cut for the pipe.
To make the furnace beautiful, you can buy forged shaped products that are welded to the outer walls.
Doors made of cast iron are not suitable for steel stoves, as it will not be possible to weld the two metals at home.
Production sequence
The drawing of the metal sauna stove with exact dimensions can be adapted to your own needs. It is sufficient to proportionally reduce or increase the size of each piece.
Algorithm of manufacturing an oven with a built-in tank:
- The metal is marked out according to the required dimensions. To make marks, use self-made scribes of steel wire or commercially available taps.
- The cuts are made with an angle grinder and the edges are deburred.
- Make the body, pay attention to the tightness of seams. leaking carbon monoxide is poisonous, and the smoke makes staying in the steam room unpleasant. Do not make a lid.
- Weld supports for the grate, if necessary, weld steel plates between the furnace and the ash pan to reduce the gaps in which large unburned pieces of fuel fall through.
- Make the tank. The bottom must be made of steel 8 mm thick, so it does not burn quickly. The size of the metal must match the size of the lid of the sauna heater. Check the tightness of welds, if necessary, weld the detected leak.
- Weld the tank in place of the top cover of the furnace body.
- Cut out the firebox and ash door. Weld them to the body on the hinges.
- The chimney pipe is lead out through the rear wall. It is possible to apply the scheme, when the pipe is passed inside the water tank. This will require cutting a hole in thick metal, which is not easy.
- To install the stove in place and connect the chimney. The one-meter section from the furnace is made from a pipe with a wall thickness of 3.5 mm or more. Thin metal is red-hot and burns quickly.
- Carry out a test fire, eliminate the places of smoke leaks.
If the test fire is successful, you can use the stove normally.
The basic material is the solid brick. Lightweight elements with cavities must not be used. Silicate bricks are not suitable, because they do not absorb moisture. к. Structures made of them absorb moisture and vapors, so they quickly deteriorate. Used bricks are carefully cleaned of soot and mortar, and checked for integrity.
Refractory bricks
The material is used in the form of internal lining of furnaces, chimneys, fireplaces. The elements insulate the walls from the flame, t. к. Form a protective layer from the glowing fuel.
Refractory bricks can withstand heat up to 1000 ° C without losing their original properties, resist repeated heating-cooling, has low heat conductivity.
Ceramic brick
It is obtained by processing clay and burning the raw elements in ovens. Used for masonry of the main body of the furnace, chimneys. Face bricks with improved decorative qualities are used for the outer layer.
According to the strength is divided into grades from M100 to M300, the number after the letter indicates how many kilograms can withstand 1 cm².
Cement
Cement-sandy mass is not used for masonry, it is used for preparation of the base for the furnace by adding crushed stone into the mass. Such mortar is prepared in small portions, in order to put it in the installation position before it sets.
Clay
In the solution add sand and prepare a mixture in a concentration of 1:1 or 1:2, the composition is taken according to the fatness of the clay. Soak it 24 hours before mixing to get a mixture of the consistency of liquid sour cream.
The mass is strained through a sieve, added to the sand and mixed until homogeneous. A good mortar does not stick to the shovel, does not have lumps.
Sand
Building sand and fireclay sand are used. The second kind is used for masonry work, i.e., for the furnace. к. material is obtained by grinding fireclay bricks.
For mortar, the sand is cleaned of grass, gravel, roots, and then sifted through a sieve. Small grains will give a thin joint when installing bricks. The amount of sand is determined by the fatness of the clay.
Do not take water from the silt, it must be slightly mineralized and clean. Too many minerals in the water will cause stains to form after the brickwork dries. Such stains are difficult to remove with plaster. It is best to use water collected after the rain.
Heat Exchanger with Your Own Hands for a Sauna Stove. DIY
Stones for the sauna heater
The first elements you find will not work. The raw material for the sauna must be heat resistant, with high density and good heat dissipation. Wood stoves are equipped with 7-14 mm stones and electric stoves with 5-8 mm stones.
For the stove, sea and river pebbles, basalt, volcanite, talcochlorite, jadeite, white quartz and raspberry quartzite are used.
Brick kiln: features of cladding
Brick stoves are suitable for cladding like no other, because brick and cladding have approximately the same coefficient of thermal expansion, which cannot be said about the metal construction. The brick oven heats gradually, and the cladding has time to warm up evenly. The most popular cladding materials are:
- Clinker tiles. Clinker is highly refractory and heat capacity, it does not deform over time and gives a cozy appearance to the steam room. In the production of clinker is mixed with dyes and chamotte clay.
- Terracotta. Pressed unglazed clay that has been fired. Tiles have a characteristic red-brown color and excellent strength indicators.
- Majolica. Tile material produced by pressing; an improved version of terracotta. The tiles are painted and glazed with a colored pattern.
- Izrazek (a type of tile). Special box-shaped tiles, often handmade, decorated with an exquisite pattern and poured with glaze, were originally invented for oven linings. Tiles have a special design of the back side, and are fixed with special metal pins into the joints, simultaneously with the stove masonry.
Which oven format is better. horizontal or vertical?
There is no great difference between the efficiency of a stove installed in one or another spatial position. Horizontal ovens are considered more heat efficient, while vertical ovens are compact and easy to make.
Vertical
In a small steam room more often put vertical stove in the bath of the tube, partitioned inside into 3 compartments and has a stepped design.
- The lower chamber is the furnace with the ash drawer.
- Medium. a closed type sauna heater.
- The upper one is a reservoir for the water heated by the sauna heater and the chimney that runs through it.
If you need an open heater, the basic construction is made two-sectional, in which the hot water tank is located directly above the furnace. And for the stones around the body a grate is welded.
In any case the vertical design takes up little space. But it has disadvantages:
- water in such a tank always contains particles of rust;
- firewood has to be selected or prepared no longer than the diameter of the pipe;
- The door of the furnace is located directly in the steam room, which is not always convenient and requires additional space for storing firewood.
To the convex side wall of the pipe it is possible to weld a remote chamber with a door to put firewood into the furnace from the anteroom. But it is more difficult to do it accurately than on a straight surface.
Horizontal
Stove for the bath from a pipe horizontal, which is often called “steam locomotive” for its external resemblance to a railway tractor, is considered a classic design. Its advantages:
- The furnace compartment can be made any length and no problem to take the door to the adjacent room with the steam room;
- Wood in such a stove burns longer and with greater heat output;
- The hot water tank can be made of galvanized steel or stainless steel and placed on the body, on the side or on the end.
But the heater with a horizontal position of the tube can only be done open, and this fact is considered by many lovers of a real Russian bath considered the main disadvantage of this design.
Homemade stoves for baths: features, manufacturing steps
Makeshift stoves for baths are devices for heating air, steam, water for bathing procedures, made by yourself. Most of these devices are made of metal or brick. Next we understand the variety of technologies used for the assembly of bath stoves, so that for each house to choose the appropriate size and materials used variant.
