The fabric is chipped when wiped
The tension of a thread too strong Besides this banal reason there is also another one. Pressing forcefully on presser foot, fabric is too thin. Correctly adjust the pressure of the presser foot on the fabric, including the height of the feed dogs, and you will no longer need to “help” the sewing machine by hand.
Wrong combination of needle, thread and fabric
There is no tensioning spring on the tensioner
Often loops upper thread in the sewing machine because of the spring in the tension adjuster. Its absence has a detrimental effect on the stitching and quality of sewing.
Warning ! In rare cases, the machine has no spring, or she broke off, but the machine works properly. It’s a miracle, but it still happens with old manual sewing machines.
This spring helps shape the stitch nicely by pulling the upper thread into the fabric. If there is a problem, you will have to fix it by disassembling the tensioner. The tensioner is disassembled differently in different models.
Important! It is always easier to disassemble than to assemble, that’s why it is necessary to study the construction carefully, and better to sketch the diagram on a piece of paper.
Compensation Spring Appearance
The tension spring on the needle thread regulator does not hold the thread tightly
The stitch loops if the spring on the needle thread regulator is not working properly. This can be determined as follows. Lower the presser foot. Without threading the needle, pull the upper thread. Raise the presser foot, lower and pull the thread again. Repeat this several times. If the thread sometimes pulls lighter than it should, then the spring on tensioner “B” is jammed.
The upper thread is not completely clamped by the washers under the spring, an excess of it appears and it loops at the bottom. It is also possible that the axis of the tensioner regulator is too tight (for sewing machines like Podolsk) and the slit prevents the spring from moving freely (compressing and uncompressing). It may be that the upper coil of the spring is distorted, resulting in periodic changes in the tension of the upper thread. Look closely at this assembly. Make sure the spring moves freely;4. If necessary, extend the screwdriver slot on the regulator “P” axis to release the movement of the spring.
Why is the upper thread torn in the sewing machine
A functioning sewing machine may not cause any problems for a long time. But at a certain point, the thread begins to constantly tear, which significantly reduces the quality of sewing products. In such a case it is necessary to determine and correct this situation. The main reasons why the machine begins to tear the thread, there are many.
Tension regulator breakage
If your sewing machine has recently been repaired, it may be that the cone spring was not assembled correctly during repair, causing a thread break. To solve the problem it is necessary to reassemble the regulator. For this:
It is very important to pay attention to the position of the spring. It should be located so that its wide end is deep in the body of the machine. If this condition is not met, the spring bar will not be able to rotate freely around its axis and the thread tension cannot be adjusted.
If the spring does not spin and jams as it rotates, straighten the upper tab of the conical spring so that the upper thread moves freely.
How to adjust the tension of the upper thread
First, loosen the upper thread tension as much as possible. After that, in stages, gradually increase the tension, achieving a correct, beautiful stitch. The weave of the upper and lower threads should be inside the fabric being sewn, not at the top or bottom.
There is another way to adjust the needle thread tension. Before inserting the thread into the eye of the needle, pull the upper thread by hand with the foot down. Any thread should pass through with a noticeable effort, but not too tight. Thread the needle and adjust its tension more accurately on the trial flap so that the “knot” is inside the fabric. It is very convenient to use the contrasting lower thread for “fine” adjustment. After adjusting the tension, it must be replaced by the “working” thread.
The upper thread tension must be adjusted when sewing other fabrics, changing threads, needle. It is advisable to adjust the lower thread only when it is unavoidable. For example, when sewing too thick or thin fabrics. When using very thin or very thick threads. In all other cases, achieve a quality stitch by adjusting the upper thread.
Upper thread rips: Causes
In fact, the reasons why the sewing machine rips thread, quite a lot. In this case, some of them can be eliminated on their own, without resorting to the help of qualified professionals:
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- Incorrect tension adjustment. The upper thread is most likely too tightly threaded. To correct this problem, use a special regulator consisting of a spring and two plates to loosen the tension of the upper thread. It’s okay if it starts to loop a little. Then gradually increase the tension until the machine is running normally. If the upper thread is loose, knots form in the process of making a seam, resulting in a thread break. Adjusting the upper thread tension properly will help get rid of these issues.
- The thickness of the thread is incorrect. It’s about its ratio to the thickness of the needle. If it is much thicker than the eye of the needle, while sewing it will meet certain obstacles in its path: get stuck in the eye, and then tear. Poor-quality thread tends to unravel and become choppy, in which case the thread also breaks. That’s why you should only buy good quality thread for your sewing machine.
- Proper threading. Don’t be embarrassed if from time to time you don’t thread quite right. Even the most experienced seamstresses may not correctly route from the element to the threading element. If you find errors, correct them and check the operation of the device.
- Needle parameters. Please note, that you will need different needles for different fabrics. The thinner the fabric, the thinner the needle must be. Also make sure the needle is correctly positioned. When buying sewing machine needles do not forget to check their quality, make sure that the inner part of the eye is not sharp. in this case, the thread will be cut and torn right at the needle.
It’s the bobbin
Thread can be cut by serrations on the cap if you tried to twist it with the wrong screwdriver. Here the problem can only be solved by replacing the element.
Another possible reason. Fitting a non-original screw for a cap that does not fit properly. Or loose.
Thread can tear as the movement of the bobbin is obstructed. As a rule, it is enough to clean it from dust and filaments, and smooth operation is restored.
If the bobbin is not the right height or thickness, thread breaks are unavoidable, because it will come out unevenly.
How to fix a jammed lower thread by yourself
If the sewing machine jams the threads at the bottom, you can first try to correct with your own hands all elements of the product: the position of the fabric, the direction of both threads, perhaps replace the needle with a new, suitable.
First check that the machine is correctly threaded at the top and bottom. This is especially true for beginner needleworkers. Tuck in the threads for the seam should be in accordance with the instructions. Also check that there are no foreign objects between the tensioning plates.
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After that, pay attention: whether the needle corresponds to the selected material and the stitch. It should be sharp and straight.
Check that the bobbin is installed correctly and that the lower tension is correct. It should be noted here that you need to adjust the draw on the bobbin cap carefully, t. к. Adjustment screw is short. If it is unscrewed too far, it can fall out of the groove and get lost in the system. This will lead to the replacement of the shuttle, and in the worst case, a serious damage to the entire machine.
If the above manipulations did not help, there was damage to the internal elements of the machine. This would require calling in a specialist.
